The Enchanting Tale of Befana: Italy's Whimsical Holiday Tradition on January 6th

Tania Ceniccola
6 gen 2024
Tempo di lettura: 4 min

Aggiornamento: 1 dic 2025

In the heart of Italy, amidst the festive cheer and joyous celebrations of the holiday season, a unique and enchanting tradition unfolds on the 6th of January – the Italian bank holiday known as Befana. Rooted in ancient folklore, Befana has become a cherished and whimsical celebration, blending history, legend, and the magic of Epiphany.

ORIGINS

The origins of Befana trace back to a tapestry of legends that have woven together over centuries. The most widely accepted tale is that of a kind-hearted old woman who was approached by the biblical Magi – the Three Wise Men – on their journey to visit the infant Jesus. Befana, an ordinary Italian housewife, was busy with her daily chores when the Wise Men appeared at her doorstep, seeking directions to the stable where the Christ child lay. Regrettably, Befana was unable to join them on their quest.

Filled with remorse for missing the opportunity to witness the birth of the holy child, Befana set off on her own pilgrimage, bearing gifts for the newborn. Armed with a bag filled with sweets, fruits, and small toys, she embarked on a quest to find the Christ child, traveling from house to house in search of the divine infant.

TRADITIONS

To this day, the image of Befana flying on her broomstick, laden with gifts, is an iconic representation of this beloved tradition.

January 6th, known as the Feast of Epiphany, marks the culmination of the Twelve Days of Christmas and the arrival of the Three Wise Men. In Italy, it is a public holiday, and the festivities are not only religious but also deeply cultural. Families come together to share a special meal, and the joyous spirit of Befana permeates the air.

One of the most delightful customs associated with Befana is the hanging of stockings or socks. Just as children hang stockings by the fireplace for Santa Claus on Christmas Eve, Italian children eagerly await Befana's visit.

Legend has it that she enters each house through the chimney, leaving small gifts and treats for well-behaved children while coal or dark candy is reserved for those who have been naughty – a playful reminder of the dual nature of this mythical figure.

Befana's influence extends beyond the family unit to communities, where parades, events, and festivals celebrate her whimsical spirit. The streets come alive with colorful processions, music, and dance, creating an atmosphere of merriment that resonates with people of all ages.

As with many traditions, Befana has evolved over time, blending ancient customs with modern festivities. In contemporary Italy, the celebration of Befana is not confined to private homes; it spills into public spaces, where lively markets and fairs offer an array of Befana-themed merchandise, from sweets and toys to decorations and costumes.

The Italian bank holiday of Befana on January 6th is a magical journey through history, folklore, and cultural celebration. It bridges the gap between the sacred and the secular, reminding us of the joyous spirit that unites families and communities during the festive season. As the broomstick-riding Befana continues to weave her enchanting spell across Italy, this beloved tradition remains a testament to the enduring power of folklore and the timeless magic of the holiday season.

Now that you’ve practiced reading,

complete your training with a quick listening!

▶️ Check out these TED Talk videos! 🔝